Document Structure
From Svg wiki
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Where is document structure covered in the SVG specification?
Document structure is covered in section 5 of the SVG specification.
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Is the <g> element redundant in SVG, given the fact that it has similarity to the <svg> element?
No. Jon Ferraiolo writes:
The <g> has at least one attribute that an <svg> doesn't have -- the 'transform' attribute, and the <svg> has many attributes that a <g> doesn't have, particularly document-level attributes. There are many notes in the SVG spec about unique behavior with <svg> elements. While they overlap quite a bit, there are clear differences...
